Rọba bụ ụdị ihe polymer dị elu nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, n'okpuru ọrụ nke obere ike mpụga, ọ nwere ike igosi oke mgbanwe, mgbe ewepụsịrị ike mpụga, ọ nwere ike ịlaghachi n'ụdị mbụ ya. N'ihi oke mgbanwe nke rọba, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ịkwado ihe mkpuchi, igbochi ihe mberede, mkpuchi ike, wdg. Ngwa a na-eji na ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe eji emegharị rọba na blanket mbipụta. Ka ụlọ ọrụ rọba na-aga n'ihu, ngwaahịa rọba etolitela site na iji otu roba eke ruo na ọtụtụ rọba sịntetik.
1. Rọba eke
Rubber eke nwere hydrocarbons roba (polysoprene), nke nwere obere protein, mmiri, resin acids, shuga na nnu inorganic. Rubber eke nwere nnukwu ike ịgbatị, ike nrụgide dị elu, ezigbo mgbochi ịdọ aka na mkpuchi eletriki, ezigbo ike iyi na iguzogide ọkọchị, ezigbo nhazi, roba eke dị mfe ijikọ na ihe ndị ọzọ, arụmọrụ ya n'ozuzu ya ka mma karịa ọtụtụ roba sịntetik. Enweghị ike nke roba eke bụ iguzogide oxygen na ozone nke na-adịghị mma, ọ dị mfe ịka nká na mmebi; enweghị ike iguzogide mmanụ na ihe mgbaze, obere iguzogide acid na alkali, obere iguzogide corrosion; obere iguzogide okpomọkụ. Oke okpomọkụ ọrụ nke roba eke: ihe dị ka -60℃~+80℃A na-eji roba eke eme taya, akpụkpọ ụkwụ rọba, paịpụ, teepu, ihe mkpuchi na sheath nke waya na waya, na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. Roba eke dabara adaba karịsịa maka imepụta ihe mkpofu mkpọtụ torsional, ihe na-amịkọrọ ujo injin, ihe nkwado igwe, ihe ndị na-egbochi rọba-metal, diaphragms, na ngwaahịa a kpụrụ akpụ.
2. SBR
SBR bụ copolymer nke butadiene na styrene. Arụmọrụ nke styrene-butadiene dị nso na nke rubber eke, ọ bụkwa ugbu a ọ bụ mmepụta kachasị ukwuu nke rubber sịntetik eji eme ihe n'ozuzu. Ihe e ji mara rubber styrene-butadiene bụ na ọ na-eguzogide iyi, iguzogide ịka nká na iguzogide okpomọkụ karịrị rubber eke, udidi ya dịkwa otu karịa rubber eke. Ihe ọghọm nke rubber styrene-butadiene bụ: obere ike, enweghị ike ịgbatị na iguzogide ndọda; arụmọrụ nhazi adịghị mma, karịsịa enweghị ike ijikọ onwe ya na obere ike rubber akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Oke okpomọkụ nke rubber styrene-butadiene: ihe dị ka -50℃~+100℃A na-ejikarị roba Styrene butadiene dochie roba eke iji mepụta taya, mpempe akwụkwọ roba, paịpụ, akpụkpọ ụkwụ rọba na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ a na-ere n'ozuzu.
3. Roba Nitrile
Roba Nitrile bụ copolymer nke butadiene na acrylonitrile. A na-amata roba Nitrile site na iguzogide mmanụ gas na mmanụ aliphatic hydrocarbon dị mma, nke na-esote roba polysulfide, acrylic ester na rọba fluorine, ebe rọba nitrile dị mma karịa rọba ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe n'ozuzu. Ọkụ dị mma, ikuku siri ike, ike iyi na iguzogide mmiri, na nrapado siri ike. Ihe ọghọm nke roba nitrile bụ ike oyi na-adịghị mma na iguzogide ozone, ike na njupụta dị ala, ike acid adịghị mma, mkpuchi eletriki adịghị mma, na ike iguzogide ihe mgbaze polar. Oke okpomọkụ nke roba nitrile: ihe dị ka -30℃~+100℃A na-ejikarị roba nitrile emepụta ọtụtụ ngwaahịa na-anaghị ekwe ka mmanụ jupụta, dịka paịpụ, ihe mkpuchi, ihe e ji agbanye rọba, wdg.
4. Roba nitrile e ji hydrogen mee
Rubber nitrile nke hydrogenated bụ copolymer nke butadiene na acrylonitrile. A na-enweta rubber nitrile nke hydrogenated site na iji hydrogenation zuru oke ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke njikọ abụọ dị na butadiene nke NBR. A na-amata rubber nitrile nke hydrogenated site na ike igwe dị elu na iguzogide abrasion, iguzogide okpomọkụ ka mma karịa NBR mgbe ejikọtara ya na peroxide, ihe ndị ọzọ dịkwa ka rubber nitrile. Ihe ọghọm nke rubber nitrile hydrogenated bụ ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu. Oke okpomọkụ nke rubber nitrile hydrogenated: ihe dị ka -30℃~+150℃A na-ejikarị roba nitrile e ji hydrogen mee eme ihe maka ngwaahịa mkpuchi nke na-eguzogide mmanụ na nke na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu.
5. Ethylene propylene roba
Ethylene propylene roba bụ copolymer nke ethylene na propylene, a na-ekewa ya n'ime roba yuan ethylene propylene abụọ na roba yuan ethylene propylene atọ. A na-amata roba Ethylene-propylene site na ezigbo iguzogide ozone, iguzogide ultraviolet, iguzogide ihu igwe na iguzogide ịka nká, nke mbụ n'etiti roba eji eme ihe n'ozuzu. Ethylene-propylene roba nwere ezigbo mkpuchi eletriki, iguzogide kemịkalụ, mgbanwe mmetụta, iguzogide acid na alkali, obere ike ndọda, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka njupụta dị elu. Nguzogide okpomọkụ nwere ike iru 150°C, ọ na-eguzogidekwa ihe mgbaze polar - ketones, esters, wdg., mana roba ethylene propylene anaghị eguzogide hydrocarbons aliphatic na hydrocarbons aromatic. Njirimara anụ ahụ na nke mekaniki ndị ọzọ nke roba ethylene propylene dị ntakịrị ala karịa roba eke ma dị elu karịa roba styrene butadiene. Ihe na-adịghị mma nke roba ethylene-propylene bụ na ọ nwere nrapado onwe ya na njikọta ibe ya adịghị mma, ọ dịghịkwa mfe ijikọ ya. Oke okpomọkụ nke roba ethylene propylene: ihe dị ka -50℃~+150℃A na-ejikarị roba Ethylene-propylene eme ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi akụrụngwa kemịkalụ, ihe mkpuchi waya na eriri, paịpụ uzuoku, eriri mbufe na-eguzogide okpomọkụ, ngwaahịa rọba ụgbọala na ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
6. Rọba silikọn
Rọba silikọn bụ rọba pụrụ iche nke nwere atọm silikọn na oxygen n'ime agbụ ígwè bụ isi. Ihe silikọn na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na rọba silikọn. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke rọba silikọn bụ ma iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu (ruo 300°C) na obere iguzogide okpomọkụ (kachasị ala -100°C). Ọ bụ rọba kacha mma ugbu a nke na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu; n'otu oge ahụ, rọba silicone nwere mkpuchi eletriki dị mma ma kwụsie ike na oxidation okpomọkụ na ozone. Ọ na-eguzogide nke ukwuu ma na-anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ihe ọghọm nke rọba silicone bụ ike igwe dị ala, enweghị ike iguzogide mmanụ, enweghị ike iguzogide ihe mgbaze, iguzogide acid na alkali, ọ na-esiri ike ịgbaze, ma dịkwa oke ọnụ. Okpomọkụ ọrụ rọba silicone: -60℃~+200℃A na-ejikarị roba silicone emepụta ngwaahịa ndị na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na nke dị ala (ọnyà, ihe mkpuchi, wdg), yana waya na mkpuchi waya na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ naghị egbu egbu ma na-enweghị ụtọ, a na-ejikwa roba silicone eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nri na ọgwụ.
7. Roba polyurethane
Rubber Polyurethane nwere elastomer nke e ji polymerization nke polyester (ma ọ bụ polyether) na diisocyanate mepụta. A na-amata roba Polyurethane site na ezigbo iguzogide abrasion, nke kacha mma n'etiti ụdị roba niile; roba polyurethane nwere ike dị elu, ezigbo njupụta na ezigbo nguzogide mmanụ. Rubber Polyurethane dịkwa mma na nguzogide ozone, nguzogide ịka nká, na nguzogide ikuku. Ihe ọghọm nke roba polyurethane bụ nguzogide okpomọkụ na-adịghị mma, enweghị mmiri na nguzogide alkali, yana nguzogide na-adịghị mma na hydrocarbons aromatic, hydrocarbons chlorinated, na ihe mgbaze dị ka ketones, esters, na alcohols. Oke okpomọkụ ojiji nke roba polyurethane: ihe dị ka -30℃~+80℃A na-eji roba polyurethane eme taya dị nso na akụkụ, gaskets, ngwaahịa ndị na-egbochi ihe mberede, ihe mpịakọta roba, na ngwaahịa rọba ndị na-eguzogide iyi, ndị siri ike ma na-eguzogide mmanụ.
Oge ozi: Julaị-07-2021
